Living in Australia means that sunscreen is ingrained in our daily routines. Or at least, it should be. With some of the highest skin cancer rates in the world, sun safety is key for protecting ourselves.
The sun protection factor (SPF) in our sunscreen is one of the best ways to stay protected from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV can’t be seen or felt but can do extreme damage to the skin.
The UV Index ranges from low (one-two) to extreme (11 and above), with experts advising all five forms of sun protection are used whenever the UV is above three. To find the level, you can check most weather apps or the SunSmart UV app.
Despite skin cancer being the most commonly diagnosed cancer in Australia, there are still a concerning amount of myths. The Weekly dispels the misconceptions.

1. Myth: If my cosmetics contain sunscreen, that is enough protection
Cosmetics containing SPF aren’t always enough. Often, these products contain a much lower SPF than the recommended SPF30 or SPF50, so it is advised to use an additional sunscreen.
According to the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), these products can also fall into the category of a secondary SPF, which means the primary purpose is not sun protection. Some secondary sunscreens are excluded from the TGA, so remain unregulated.
2. Myth: If it is overcast, I can’t get burnt
Temperature and cloud cover should not be used to determine the level of sun protection that is needed. Even on overcast days, UV radiation can penetrate through clouds.
UV can also reflect off surfaces including water or concrete, so it is advised by the World Health Organization that sun protection is used whenever the ultraviolet index is three or above.
3. Myth: I can’t get sunburnt in the shade
Seeking shade is one way to protect yourself from UV damage, but it should not be the only form of sun protection that you use.
Similarly to when it is overcast, the UV can reflect off the sand or even grass, causing permanent damage. To ensure you are safe, it is recommended you use sunscreen, as well as wearing protective clothing, a hat and sunglasses in addition to seeking shade.

4. Myth: I tan, not burn, so I am not at risk of skin cancer
Regardless of whether you tan or burn, your skin changing colour is a sign of damage. When the upper layers of the skin are exposed to UV radiation, melanin is produced, turning the skin a darker shade.
According to the Cancer Council, even a light tan is a sign that the skin has been exposed to too much UV radiation and that damage has already occurred to the skin cells.
Even those with a deeper complexion are still at risk. While they may not be as likely to burn, they are still exposed to UV radiation and therefore at risk of skin cancer.
5. Myth: I work from home so I don’t need sunscreen
Sitting behind a glass panel can prevent some UV rays from penetrating the skin, but it doesn’t stop them altogether. If you are working from home in a room with a window or glass pane, you still need to wear sunscreen.
6. Myth: I don’t need sunscreen in winter
This might be one of the most common sunscreen myths. No matter the season, sunscreen should be worn.
UV damage comes in two forms — Ultraviolet A (UVA) and Ultraviolet B (UVB). UVA rays can cause premature ageing, while UVB overexposure can lead to skin cancers. Ultraviolet C (UVC) is filtered out by the ozone layer, so is not a cause for concern.
The damage caused by UVA and UVB radiation is not exclusive to hot, summer months. To ensure you are protected, it is best to wear sunscreen year-round.

7. Myth: All sunscreens work the same way
There are a number of different sunscreens, and they work slightly differently. Texture-wise, you can find sunscreen in cream, gel, serum and even stick form.
However, there is the addition of physical and chemical sunscreens. Physical sunscreens tend to be zinc oxide-based and can feel thicker on the skin. Chemical sunscreens, on the other hand, are more lightweight and melt into the skin — perfect for everyday use.
They both work to protect the skin, so the choice between the two is ultimately down to personal preference.
8. Myth: My fake tan provides sun protection
Generally, fake tanning products do not contain sun protection. If you are using a fake tan with sun protection, keep in mind it will only provide protection for two hours.
Sun protection will not last the duration of the tan, so sunscreen is advised, ensuring it is reapplied regularly.
9. Myth: I put sunscreen on in the morning, so I am protected for the day
This sunscreen myth is easily misunderstood. Sunscreen should be reapplied every two hours, or after sweating or swimming. One application before your makeup is not enough to keep you protected throughout the full day.
Always read the label and follow directions for use. Sunscreen is only one component of sun protection.