Wildfires are currently raging in Los Angeles, California.
So far, five people have died – although the death toll is likely to increase as firefighters gain access to areas that have already been burned – and thousands, including celebrities Billy Crystal, Eugene Levy and Adam Brody and Leighton Meester, have lost their homes.
The tragedy is a poignant reminder that fires can wreak havoc anywhere; especially in Australia during bushfire season.
Here’s how you can prepare for a bushfire.
How do you prepare for a bushfire?
Preparing for a bushfire involves proactive planning and understanding the risks in your area.
Start by staying informed about your local fire danger level through the Bureau of Meteorology, emergency services, or local radio.
If you live in a high-risk area, preparation is critical; here are a few things you can (and should) do:
- Clear your property – Remove flammable materials such as dry leaves, wood, or debris from around your home. Keep gutters clear and trim overhanging branches. Create a defendable space by maintaining a cleared area around your property.
- Prepare your home – Seal gaps around doors and windows to prevent embers from entering. Install metal mesh screens on windows and vents, and ensure your hose is long enough to reach every corner of your property.
- Have an emergency kit ready – Include essentials like a first aid kit, protective clothing, a battery-powered radio, torches, and enough water and food for several days. Keep a fully charged mobile phone and backup power sources.
- Understand local evacuation routes – Know the safest and quickest paths out of your area. Check for community fire refuges or safer places nearby.
- Create a bushfire safety plan – Discuss with your family whether you’ll leave early or stay and defend (only if properly equipped). Make sure everyone knows their role and practice the plan.
What is a bushfire safety plan?
A bushfire safety plan outlines what you and your family will do in different situations, such as when to evacuate or how to defend your home – if staying is safe. It can also help reduce panic during emergencies.
Key elements of a bushfire safety plan include:
- Decision-making – Determine if you will leave early or stay and defend. Understand the risks of staying, such as extreme heat, smoke, and limited visibility.
- Evacuation plans – Identify safe destinations, such as friends’ homes outside danger zones or community shelters. Map out evacuation routes and have backup options.
- Preparation checklist – Ensure your property is bushfire-ready, and pack an emergency kit with essentials like food, water, clothing, medications, and important documents.
- Communication – Ensure everyone in your household understands the plan. Write it down, discuss it, and rehearse the steps.
You can download a bushfire safety plan template from your state’s fire authority website, such as the NSW Rural Fire Service or CFA (Country Fire Authority) in Victoria. Regularly update your plan to reflect changes in your family or local conditions.
What should you pack when evacuating?
If you’re asked to evacuate, the stress of trying to decide what to take and what not to take can be overwhelming.
Here’s a list of things you should definitely pack:
- Personal essentials – Medications and prescriptions. Important documents (e.g., passports, insurance, and wills). Cash, bank cards, and keys. Mobile phone, charger, and a power bank.
- Clothing and protection – Long-sleeved cotton or wool clothing and sturdy shoes. Hats, gloves, and face masks for protection against embers and smoke. Spare clothes and toiletries.
- Food and water – At least 3 litres of water per person. Non-perishable food like canned goods, energy bars, and baby food if needed. Utensils and a can opener.
- Emergency tools – A battery-powered radio. Flashlights with spare batteries. First aid kit. Maps and a list of emergency contacts.
- Comfort items – Blankets, sleeping bags, or pillows. Items for children, like toys or games. Pet essentials, including food, leashes, carriers, and identification tags.
